[Resumen extraído de la fuente original]

Neste traballo defenderei unha dialectoloxía centrada no estudo da extensión de ítems lingüísticos illados, fronte a outra que agrupa as variedades locais en unidades supralocais coma bloques ou linguas. A primeira orientación contempla as áreas xeolingüísticas como entidades abertas e relativas; busca os ítems que comparten as variedades lingüísticas, pois mostran as relacións históricas e sociais que establecen uns falantes con outros. A segunda orientación contempla as linguas como entidades pechadas e absolutas; promove unha investigación que illa unhas linguas das outras. Defenderei que o estudo de ítems individuais posúe maior valor explicativo có trazado de fronteiras entre bloques, dialectos ou linguas. Palabras chave: Dialectoloxía, contacto lingüístico, contínuum xeolingüístico, galego, ástur-leonés, portugués.

In this work, I will defend a dialectology based on the study of the extension of individual linguistic items, against another vision that groups local varieties into supralocal entities like dialectal blocks or languages. The former orientation considers geolinguistic areas as open and relative entities; it seeks the items shared by different varieties, since they show the historical and social relationships that speakers stablish between them. The later orientation considers languages as closed and absolute entities; it promotes an investigation isolating the languages. I will defend that the study of individual dialectal features possesses a greater explicative power that the drawing of boundaries between dialectal blocks or languages. Keywords: Dialectology, Language Contact, Geolinguistic Continuum, Galician, Astur-Leonese, Portuguese.